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Get to Know The 7 Regions in Portugal as an Expat
Brenda L.
05 jan 2024 • 12 min read
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One of the oldest nations on the European continent is Portugal, which is located on the Iberian Peninsula at the southwest corner of Europe.
Since prehistoric times, various ethnic groups have lived hhere.
The country also has a very diverse range of natural beauty, with each region having a unique landscape and fantastic weather. Continue reading to learn about Portugal's 7 stunning regions!
Portugal is a nation with a lengthy history, which has influenced the growth of its various regions.
How is Portugal divided?
The Portuguese mainland is divided into 5 regions, and there are 2 independent regions on the nearby Atlantic Ocean islands, that list as below :
- Northern Portugal
- Central Portugal
- Lisbon and Tagus Valley
- Alentejo
- Algarve
- Azores Islands
- Madeira Islands
The five major regions on the mainland are close to one another, but they are all distinct from one another in terms of geography and culture. The Azores and Madeira Islands' two archipelagos share the same characteristic.
How many cities there are in Portugal?
There are 308 municipalities (similar to counties) located within each of the 18 districts (which can be considered states) that make up Portugal's mainland.
Parishes and civil parishes, or freguesias (as they are called in Portugal), are found within each municipality, or concelho.
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Northern region (or Norte)
If you're considering relocating to Portugal, the northern region is an incredible place to start exploring. Home to more than 3.5 million residents, this is the most populous region in the country and is brimming with history, natural beauty, and a vibrant culture. Its crown jewel is Porto, Portugal’s second-largest city and a hub of activity, charm, and world-famous Port wine. Other notable towns in the region include Braga, known for its rich religious heritage, Vila Nova de Gaia, a key area for wine production, Guimarães, often called the birthplace of Portugal, and Vila Real, a charming city surrounded by stunning landscapes.
Why expats love Northern Portugal?
One of the reasons we all fell in love with the north—and why so many expats in northern Portugal choose this region—is its breathtaking scenery. Picture lush green landscapes, winding rivers, and dramatic mountain ranges, or "serras," as they’re called here. Northern Portugal is like stepping into a nature lover's dream. For instance, you’ll find Peneda-Gerês National Park, Portugal’s only national park, where hiking trails take you through waterfalls, ancient villages, and forests. Other protected areas, like Montesinho Natural Park and Alvão Natural Park, are equally captivating for those who enjoy being outdoors.
If you're more of a beach person, don’t worry—the northern coastline has plenty to offer, with long sandy beaches and rolling dunes. Even though the water here is a bit cooler than in the south or in Lisbon, the scenery more than makes up for it.
The Douro River and world-famous Port Wine
Ah, the Douro River. As an expat, spending time along its banks is one of the best things to do in northern Portugal. This river winds through the famous Douro Valley, one of Portugal’s most celebrated wine regions. If you're a wine enthusiast, you'll love exploring the valley’s vineyards, learning about the Port wine-making process, and, of course, sampling the goods! Port wine is a global treasure, and its roots are firmly planted in this beautiful region.
For expats in northern Portugal, visiting the Douro Valley is more than just a tourist activity—it’s a chance to connect with the region’s heritage and immerse yourself in the local way of life.
Weather in Northern Portugal: what to expect
When it comes to weather, the north offers variety. The western part of the region benefits from the Atlantic Ocean, making summers mild and winters temperate—perfect if you prefer a balanced climate. However, as you move inland to the eastern areas, expect hot summers and cold, crisp winters. For those who lives in the region, this diversity in weather makes the north a great year-round place, whether you enjoy warm sunny days or cozy winters by the fireplace.
Why consider Northern Portugal as an expat?
Relocating to northern Portugal is more than just a move—it’s a gateway to a richer lifestyle. From its historic cities to its natural wonders, this region has something for everyone. Whether you're drawn by the vibrant culture of Porto, the tranquility of the Douro Valley, or the serenity of the serras, northern Portugal offers incredible opportunities for expat life.
For expats in northern Portugal, the region offers a unique blend of modern conveniences and traditional Portuguese charm, making it an ideal place to settle down and truly feel at home.
Central region (or Centro)
Central Portugal is a diverse and fascinating region located south of Porto and north of Lisbon. Stretching from the eastern border with Spain to the Atlantic coastline in the west, this part of the country offers a unique blend of history, natural beauty, and a welcoming lifestyle that attracts many expats in central Portugal.
The region is home to Coimbra, one of its largest cities and a renowned hub of culture and education. Just outside Coimbra lies Conímbriga, one of the most significant Roman settlements ever discovered in Portugal. Other key cities and towns in the area include Aveiro, often referred to as the “Venice of Portugal” for its canals and colorful boats; Caldas da Rainha, known for its thermal baths; Leiria, with its medieval castle; and Castelo Branco, a city rich in history and surrounded by stunning countryside.
The natural beauty of Central Portugal
For those who love variety in landscapes, Central Portugal does not disappoint. The region is characterized by streams, rivers, forests, and farmland, creating a lush and serene environment perfect for outdoor enthusiasts. Along the eastern border with Spain, the terrain transforms into mountainous landscapes dotted with fortified castles and ancient stone fortresses that tell stories of Portugal’s past.
Inland, the Serra da Estrela Natural Park is home to the Torre, the highest point in mainland Portugal. This area boasts rugged beauty, rolling hills, and dramatic views that are ideal for hiking and exploration. The park is also a major attraction for winter sports, as it is one of the few places in Portugal where snow falls regularly.
Moving toward the coast, the landscape becomes gentler, with sandy beaches and fertile plains. One of the most famous beaches in the region is Nazaré, internationally renowned for its giant winter waves, which have made it a hotspot for surfers and a favorite destination for beach lovers.
Climate in Central Portugal: what to expect?
The climate in Central Portugal offers a mix of conditions, depending on the location. The eastern areas experience hot summers and cold winters, while the western coastal areas enjoy milder winters and warm summers. Thanks to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean, an Atlantic breeze helps keep summer temperatures in the western parts more comfortable. This variety in climate makes the region appealing to those who prefer a balance between warm weather and cooler seasonal changes.
Why Central Portugal appeals to expats?
Central Portugal offers a unique lifestyle that appeals to both nature enthusiasts and history lovers. Its combination of vibrant cities, historic landmarks, and peaceful countryside makes it an attractive option for those relocating to Portugal. The area provides a slower, more relaxed pace of life while still offering modern conveniences and cultural activities.
For expats in central Portugal, the region's affordability, friendly communities, and access to diverse natural and cultural attractions make it an ideal place to settle. From coastal towns like Nazaré to inland cities with rich histories like Coimbra, there’s something for everyone in this part of Portugal.
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Lisbon (or Lisboa)
The Lisbon and Tagus Valley region is the second most populous area in Portugal, with nearly 3 million residents calling it home. This region combines the charm of Portugal’s historic capital with stunning natural landscapes and bustling urban life, making it a favorite destination for visitors and expats in Lisbon Portugal alike.
Besides Lisbon itself, this region is home to renowned towns and cities such as Setúbal, known for its port and seafood; Sintra, famous for its romantic architecture and UNESCO World Heritage sites; and Cascais, a picturesque coastal town offering a mix of luxury and laid-back charm.
A region shaped by Lisbon and the Tagus River
At the heart of the region is Lisbon, Portugal’s capital, which sits majestically on the banks of the Tagus River. The city is spread across seven hills, offering breathtaking views of the river and the surrounding area. North of the Tagus lies the Grande Lisboa subregion, which is Portugal’s most densely populated and industrialized area. To the south is the Setúbal Peninsula subregion, known for its natural beauty, wine production, and access to the stunning Arrábida Natural Park.
This is the smallest mainland region in Portugal (excluding the two autonomous archipelagos), but it packs an incredible variety of experiences into its compact area. From the vibrant streets of Lisbon to the tranquil hills of Sintra, every corner has something unique to offer.
The landscape of Lisbon region
The Lisbon and Tagus Valley region is a mix of hills, mountains, rivers, and a diverse coastline. The area includes everything from rocky cliffs that tower above the ocean to secluded beaches perfect for relaxation. Forest-covered hills offer sweeping views of the Atlantic Ocean, while the Tagus River adds a sense of calm to the capital city and its surroundings.
Sintra, a hilltop town steeped in fairytale-like beauty, is one of the region's highlights. It is home to palaces, castles, and lush forests that feel like they’ve been pulled straight from a storybook. Meanwhile, Cascais and the surrounding coastline offer a balance of sandy beaches, charming villages, and some of the best seafood in Portugal.
Weather in Lisbon and the Tagus Valley
The region’s coastal location creates a welcoming climate, with warm summers and mild winters. The influence of the Atlantic Ocean keeps the weather moderate year-round, making it a comfortable destination no matter the season. For those who enjoy a lively atmosphere, Lisbon and its surrounding towns are perfect, offering a mix of urban energy and natural beauty.
Why Lisbon and the Tagus Valley attract expats?
The Lisbon and Tagus Valley region is a dynamic blend of history, culture, and modern convenience, making it one of the most popular choices for expats relocating to Portugal. Lisbon itself offers a cosmopolitan lifestyle, with international schools, job opportunities, and a buzzing social scene. For those seeking a quieter pace, nearby towns like Cascais and Sintra offer a more relaxed lifestyle, with easy access to the capital.
For expats in Lisbon Portugal, this region provides the best of both worlds—vibrant city life combined with access to nature and the coastline. Whether you’re drawn to Lisbon’s rich culture, the scenic beauty of Sintra, or the coastal charm of Cascais, the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region offers an unmatched quality of life.
Alentejo
The Alentejo region is Portugal’s largest yet least populated area. Stretching from the Silver Coast in the west to the Spanish border in the east, it lies between Lisbon and the Algarve. This vast region is known for its rolling landscapes, agricultural charm, and laid-back atmosphere, making it a peaceful haven for those looking to escape busy city life.
Évora, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the most significant city in the region, with a history that dates back to Roman times and the Middle Ages. Other notable cities and towns in the Alentejo include Beja, known for its castle and open plains; Elvas, famous for its historic fortifications; Portalegre, a gateway to the Serra de São Mamede mountains; as well as Moura, Sines, and Santarém, each offering their own unique character and charm.
Alentejo’s landscape
The Alentejo region stands out for its flat and gently rolling terrain, making it one of the flattest areas in Portugal. Its landscape is dominated by vast open plains, rolling hills, and a mix of fields and forests, giving the region a distinctly rural feel. The area is heavily influenced by agriculture, with cork oak and olive trees scattered across the countryside, particularly in the inland and eastern parts of the region. These trees are perfectly adapted to the dry, hot summers that define the Alentejo's climate.
The rocky, hilly coastline of the Alentejo features private beaches and hidden coves, offering a quieter alternative to the Algarve’s bustling tourist spots. The west coast benefits from cooler Atlantic breezes, resulting in less intense summer heat compared to the inland areas.
Why the Alentejo appeals to Expats?
The Alentejo region is a favorite for those seeking tranquility and a slower pace of life. Its rural charm, combined with the beauty of its traditional villages and towns, creates an atmosphere unlike any other part of the country. For expats in Alentejo Portugal, the region offers an opportunity to immerse themselves in a peaceful, authentic Portuguese lifestyle.
Life here centers on its charming, traditional towns and villages, where time seems to slow down. The locals are warm and welcoming, and the region’s slower pace makes it ideal for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether wandering through Évora’s ancient streets, enjoying the stunning plains of Beja, or relaxing on the west coast’s secluded beaches, the Alentejo offers an unmatched sense of calm.
Weather in the Alentejo
The climate in the Alentejo is defined by hot summers and mild winters, especially in the inland areas. The west coast, however, benefits from the Atlantic Ocean’s cooling influence, making summer temperatures more comfortable. This climate is ideal for agriculture, particularly the cultivation of cork and olives, which are key industries in the region.
Why choose the Alentejo as an expat?
For expats considering relocating to Portugal, the Alentejo region is perfect for those seeking a more rural and peaceful lifestyle. It is a land of open spaces, natural beauty, and centuries-old traditions. The cost of living is more affordable compared to urban centers like Lisbon or Porto, and the slower pace allows for a deeper connection to Portuguese culture and nature.
Whether exploring historic Évora, enjoying the serenity of the countryside, or discovering the hidden beaches of the west coast, the Alentejo offers expats a unique and fulfilling way of life far from the hustle of busy cities.
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Algarve
The Algarve region is Portugal’s southernmost mainland area and one of the country’s most popular destinations. Known for its stunning coastline, charming towns, and sunny weather, the Algarve is a favorite among both locals and international visitors. With its laid-back atmosphere and modern amenities, it has also become a top choice for expats relocating to the Algarve Portugal.
Faro, the region’s capital, is home to an international airport with connections to most European cities, along with Canada and the US, making it a convenient hub for travel. It is also home to a university, giving the city a lively, youthful vibe. Other significant towns in the Algarve include Portimão, a port city known for its vibrant marina; Lagos, rich with maritime history and golden beaches; Albufeira, a bustling tourist haven; Tavira, a picturesque town with Moorish influences; and Vila Real de Santo António, located on the eastern border near Spain.
The Algarve’s history stretches back to ancient times, with evidence of human settlements dating to the Neolithic era, though its Roman and Moorish influences are most visible today.
Touristic market in the Algarve
The Algarve’s economy revolves significantly around tourism, making it the most important industry in the region. During the summer, visitors flock to the Algarve’s beaches, resorts, and golf courses, while in the winter months, it becomes a haven for northern Europeans escaping the colder climates of countries like Norway, Sweden, Germany, and Belgium. This year-round popularity has made the Algarve a hotspot for both short-term visitors and long-term residents, including expats in Algarve Portugal.
In addition to tourism, the food industry plays a major role in the Algarve’s economy. The region is known for its fresh seafood, sourced directly from the coastal waters, and its delicious local produce, including citrus fruits, figs, plums, and almonds. These ingredients are staples in the Algarve’s traditional cuisine, which blends Mediterranean flavors with Portuguese authenticity.
The Algarve’s warm weather
The Algarve is one of the warmest regions in Portugal, thanks to its southern location. Summers are warm to extremely hot and dry, making it a perfect destination for beach lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. However, by the end of summer, droughts can occur due to the lack of rainfall. Winters are mild and wet, though significantly warmer (and dryer) compared to the colder northern regions of Portugal.
For those escaping harsher winters elsewhere, the Algarve’s temperate climate makes it an ideal place to live or spend the colder months. While winters may be cooler, they are far from severe, allowing for year-round outdoor activities and a generally relaxed pace of life.
Why expats choose the Algarve?
The Algarve is a well-developed region that offers a high quality of life, particularly for those seeking sunshine, stunning landscapes, and a welcoming atmosphere. It has long been a top choice for expats relocating to the Algarve Portugal, thanks to its abundance of amenities, excellent infrastructure, and thriving expat communities.
From the lively streets of Albufeira to the historic charm of Tavira or the peaceful coastline of Lagos, the Algarve offers something for everyone. Expats enjoy the region’s modern conveniences, including healthcare facilities, international schools, and a variety of recreational activities. Additionally, the Algarve’s cost of living is often more affordable than other sunny European destinations, making it even more appealing.
Whether it’s the warm winters, the vibrant culture, or the stunning beaches, the Algarve offers an unbeatable blend of natural beauty and comfortable living for expats and locals alike.
Azores (or Açores)
The Azores archipelago is a group of nine main islands and several smaller islets located in the Atlantic Ocean, roughly halfway between Europe and North America. Discovered by the Portuguese in the late 15th century, the Azores are now an autonomous region of Portugal, with their own government and administration separate from Lisbon. The largest city is Ponta Delgada, situated on São Miguel Island, which serves as the economic and cultural hub of the region. Other notable cities include Lagoa, Angra do Heroísmo (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), and Horta, known for its historic marina.
The volcanic landscape
The Azores are volcanic islands, and while there hasn’t been any volcanic activity for centuries, the islands’ origins have left a remarkable natural legacy. The landscape is defined by lush volcanic fields, subtropical forests, crater lakes, and unique geological formations such as volcanic tubes. The brown sand beaches, formed from volcanic materials, add to the distinct character of the region.
One of the most striking features of the Azores is Mount Pico, located on Pico Island, which is the tallest mountain in Portugal. Standing at 2,351 meters (7,713 feet) above sea level, Mount Pico is a popular destination for hikers and adventurers, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding islands and ocean.
The Azores are also known for their biodiversity and commitment to sustainability, making them a haven for nature lovers. From whale watching and hiking to exploring volcanic caves, the islands offer countless opportunities for outdoor activities.
Economy and lifestyle in the Azores
The economy of the Azores is driven by three main industries: agriculture, fishing, and tourism. In recent years, tourism has grown significantly, with visitors drawn to the islands’ untouched beauty, mild climate, and eco-friendly appeal. Traditional agricultural practices, such as dairy farming and cultivating tea and pineapples, remain an important part of the local economy, alongside fishing, which has sustained these islands for centuries.
Life in the Azores is distinctly different from mainland Portugal. The region’s isolation has influenced its culture, language, cuisine, and traditions, giving it a unique identity. The dialect spoken in the Azores varies from island to island, and the local food incorporates fresh seafood, locally grown produce, and traditional recipes that reflect the islands’ maritime heritage.
For expats in Azores, the slower pace of life and close-knit communities provide an appealing alternative to the fast-paced urban centers of mainland Portugal.
Why the Azores appeal to expats?
The Azores offer a truly unique lifestyle for those looking to relocate to Portugal. With their stunning landscapes, welcoming communities, and sustainable way of life, the islands provide an exceptional opportunity to reconnect with nature and enjoy a more tranquil existence.
For expats, the archipelago offers a balance of modern amenities and unspoiled natural beauty. The islands are particularly attractive for digital nomads, retirees, and those seeking a simpler, eco-conscious lifestyle. While the cost of living is generally lower than in mainland cities like Lisbon or Porto, the quality of life in the Azores is enriched by the islands' natural surroundings, sense of community, and slower pace.
Why relocate to the Azores?
Whether visiting or relocating, the Azores offer something truly special. From the volcanic landscapes of São Miguel to the charming coastal villages of Pico and Terceira, each island has its own character and charm. The region is perfect for outdoor enthusiasts, culture lovers, and anyone seeking a peaceful, authentic Portuguese experience.
Madeira
The Madeira archipelago is a breathtaking region made up of two inhabited islands—Madeira and Porto Santo—and two smaller uninhabited island groups. Located just 400 km north of the Spanish Canary Islands, Madeira is often called the "Garden Isle" or the "Pearl of the Atlantic", thanks to its lush landscapes and subtropical beauty. Closer to Africa than the Azores, Madeira has a rich history dating back to its discovery by the Portuguese in the 15th century.
Some of the main towns and cities in Madeira include Funchal, the archipelago’s capital and cultural hub, as well as Santa Cruz, Câmara de Lobos, and Machico, each offering their own unique charm.
Madeira's landscape
The island of Madeira, the largest in the archipelago, is known for its dramatic mountainous terrain, featuring sea cliffs, valleys, and ravines that stretch from the island’s central spine to the coastline. The north side of Madeira is dominated by lush laurel forests, part of a UNESCO World Heritage site, while the south side balances urban areas with picturesque rural villages.
The island of Porto Santo, on the other hand, is best known for its stunning 9 kilometers of sandy beaches, which are primarily dedicated to tourism. This makes Porto Santo a haven for those seeking sun, sea, and relaxation.
Industries and tourism in Madeira
The Madeira region relies heavily on tourism and wine production as its primary industries. In fact, Madeira is one of Portugal’s most renowned wine-producing regions, famous for its fortified Madeira Wine, which has been exported worldwide for centuries. The city of Funchal is also a popular stop for European cruise ships, further boosting the region’s economy.
Another unique feature of Madeira Island is its levadas—a network of aqueducts that transport water from the wetter northern areas to the drier south. These levadas also double as hiking trails, attracting tourists from around the world who come to explore Madeira’s stunning natural scenery. Additionally, activities like whale and dolphin watching have become increasingly popular, showcasing the rich marine life surrounding the islands.
Why Madeira appeals to expats?
For expats in Madeira Portugal, the region offers an extraordinary quality of life, combining modern conveniences with natural beauty and a serene pace of living. The subtropical climate ensures pleasant weather year-round, while the island’s vibrant culture, welcoming communities, and thriving tourism industry make it an appealing destination for those relocating to Portugal.
Funchal, in particular, provides a mix of urban life and proximity to nature. The city offers excellent infrastructure, healthcare, and international schools, making it ideal for families, retirees, and digital nomads alike. For expats seeking a quieter lifestyle, the smaller towns and villages of Madeira or the tranquil beaches of Porto Santo are equally attractive.
Weather in Madeira
Thanks to its subtropical location, Madeira enjoys mild temperatures year-round, making it a haven for those looking to escape harsh winters or blazing hot summers. The island experiences warm, sunny summers and mild, rainy winters, with temperatures rarely dropping below 16°C (61°F) even in the coldest months. This climate, combined with the island's stunning natural beauty, makes Madeira a popular destination for both visitors and expats.
Why choose Madeira as an expat?
Madeira’s natural beauty, rich history, and welcoming communities make it an exceptional destination for expats and tourists alike. Whether hiking along the levadas, sipping Madeira Wine, or relaxing on Porto Santo’s sandy beaches, the archipelago offers a unique blend of adventure and tranquility. With its low cost of living, excellent infrastructure, and year-round pleasant weather, Madeira is the perfect place to embrace a slower, more fulfilling way of life.
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Portugal's regions provide an incredible variety of sights, experiences, and activities. Portugal is a country rich in natural beauty, whether it be found in the mountains, the rivers, the rolling fields, or the equally varied coastline.
Which region you should start with is entirely up to you!
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